Exploring Complex Systems

Using agent-based modeling and historical data to understand the patterns of the past and present.

Simulations

A collection of interactive models and data explorations. Each project is an experiment in understanding the forces that shape historical events, from urban growth to community resilience.

Toolbox

An overview of the methods and tools that power these simulations. Learn about the concept of the "historical digital twin," agent-based modeling, and the open-source software used.

Field Notes

A journal of observations and interpretations, from the celestial systems of amateur astronomy to the visual systems of watercolor painting.